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Benjamin Roberts filed first school integration suit on behalf of his daughter, Sara, who had been denied admission to "white" schools in Boston, MA (November).
Massachusetts Supreme Court rejected the suit and established the controversial "separate but equal" precedent.
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Supreme Court decision (Plessy v. Ferguson) upheld doctrine of "separate but equal" (May 18).
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(Sipuel v. University of Oklahoma) held that state must provide legal education for African Americans "as soon as it provides it for" whites (January 12). |
University of Tennessee admitted first African-American student (January 12). |
Supreme Court ruled (Brown v. Board of Education) that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional (May 17).
School integration began in Washington, DC, and Baltimore, MD, public schools (September 7-8).
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Tennessee National Guard sent to Clinton, TN, to quell mobs demonstrating against school integration (September 2). |
Soldiers of 101 Airborne Division escorted nine African-American children to Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas (September 25).
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U.S. marshals and parents escorted four African-American girls to two New Orleans schools (November 14).
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Four African-American mothers arrested for staging sit-in at a Chicago elementary school (February 2).
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Two African-American students, escorted by federalized National Guard troops and federal officials, enrolled at University of Alabama, despite opposition of Governor George C. Wallace (June 11).
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Some 464,000 African-American and Puerto Rican students boycotted New York City public schools (February 3). |
